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Robert Benjamin Greenblatt (1906-1987) was a Canadian physician and medical researcher specializing in endocrinology who spent almost all of his career at the Medical College of Georgia (MCG). He was especially known for his work in the development of the sequential oral contraceptive pill and the oral fertility pill.〔Greenblatt, R. (1967). ( One-Pill-A-Month Contraceptive ). Fertility and Sterility, 18, 207.〕 ==Biography== Born in 1906 in Montreal, Canada, Greenblatt attended McGill University in Montreal, where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1928 and his Doctor of Medicine and Master of Surgery degrees in 1932. In 1935, after completing his internship, he joined MCG as a research fellow in pathology and resident in obstetrics and gynecology. In 1937, he was appointed assistant professor of pathology and gynecology, and two years later, he was named professor of experimental medicine. Greenblatt went on to pioneer endocrinology as an independent discipline. In his early years at MCG Greenblatt worked with Edgar Pund on the pathology and therapy of granuloma inguinale, a widely endemic venereal disease. In 1943 he volunteered for military service and served as a Commander and Senior Medical Officer in the U.S. Coast Guard. His first assignment was to quell a venereal disease epidemic spreading among sailors in Savannah, Ga. He helped develop mass production of penicillin for battlefield use; commanded a triage unit on the Okinawa beachhead for wounded Marines; and was among the first scientists to inspect the medical effects of the atomic bomb in Nagasaki. Commander Greenblatt was honorably discharged in 1945. He returned to MCG after World War II and from 1946 to 1974 he served as professor and chairman of the institution’s Department of Endocrinology, the first academic department of its kind in the country. Greenblatt started his clinical work in reproductive endocrinology, the branch of medicine concerned with infertility in women, when the field was in its infancy. His major advances in the field include, in 1950, showing the effectiveness of estrogens in managing menopause symptoms and developing, in 1966, a monthly oral contraceptive pill, an accomplishment for which MCG received national attention. His group's discovery in 1961 that clomiphene citrate could induce ovulation was a breakthrough in reproductive biology, and clomiphene citrate is today the first choice in treating ovulatory disorders.〔Greenblatt, R., & Mahesh, V. (1965). Induction of Ovulation with Clomiphene Citrate. In T. Schwartz, Yearbook of Endocrinology 1964-65 (p. 245).〕〔(R., Barfield, W., Jungck, E., & Ray, A. (1961). Induction of Ovulation with MRL/41. JAMA, 178, 101. )〕〔Greenblatt, R., Mahesh, V., & Jungck, E., Roy S. (1963). Clomiphene Citrate: Further Observations on Its Use in Induction of Ovulation in the Human and Its Mode of Action. Fertility and Sterility, 14, 575.〕 He also showed that the drug Danazol was useful in the management of endometriosis and fibrocystic breast disease.〔Greenblatt , R., & Tzingounis, V. (1979). Danazol Treatment of Endometriosis: Long-term Follow Up. Fertility and Sterility, 32, 518-520.〕〔Greenblatt, R., & Ben-Nunn, I. (1980). Danazol in the Treatment of Mammary Dysplasia. Drugs(19), 349-355.〕〔Greenblatt, R., Mahesh, V., & Dmowski, P., Scholoer, H. (1969). Danazol - A Synthetic Steroid Derivative with Interesting Physiologic Properties. Proceedings: 51st Meeting, Endocrine Society. New York.〕 Greenblatt's published works include hundreds of full-length scientific articles. He also wrote or edited more than 20 books for a lay audience. His 1968 book ''Search the Scriptures: Modern Medicine and Biblical Personages'' went through 26 printings.〔Greenblatt, R. B. (1977). Search the Scriptures: Modern Medicine and Biblical Personages (Third and Enlarged ed.). Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott Company.〕 Greenblatt also updated "Advances in Endocrinology" in the ''Encyclopedia Britannica Yearbook'' for 18 years. In 1987, he authored ''Sex and Circumstance: Humanity in History,'' which contained 44 vignettes detailing the sexual nature of people ranging from U.S. President John F. Kennedy to Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.〔Greenblatt, R. B. (1987). Sex & Circumstance: Humanity in History. Tallahassee, FL. Loiry Publishing Company.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Benjamin Greenblatt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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